# Repositories

# Introduction

In traditional development, application logic is often embedded in controllers. An alternative approach uses Repositories to abstract database operations and queries, promoting cleaner, more maintainable code.

Repositories decouple models from controllers and provide readable names for complex queries. Each Repository class binds to an Eloquent model in its constructor, enabling the use of methods like findOrFail, update, and all. This separation enhances code readability, reusability, and adherence to the separation of concerns principle, making the application easier to manage and scale.

# Dependency Injection

In the given constructor, we are using dependency injection to bind the PostRepository to a protected property within the class. This allows for easy access to the repository's methods and ensures that the class adheres to the principle of dependency inversion, promoting loose coupling and enhancing testability.

// Bound in constructor
public function __construct(protected PostRepository $postRepository) {}

The constructor binds an instance of PostRepository to the $postRepository property of the class. This is achieved using PHP's constructor property promotion, a feature introduced in PHP 8 that simplifies the declaration and initialization of class properties.

# Using Bagisto Package Generator

The Bagisto package generator provides a convenient way to create new components for your Bagisto application. One of these components is the Repository class, which is essential for abstracting database interactions and promoting clean code architecture.

# Create a New Repository Class

To create a new Repository class, use the following command. This command creates a new Repository class in the packages/Webkul/Blog/src/Repository directory.

php artisan package:make-repository PostRepository Webkul/Blog

# Explanation

  • Command: The command php artisan package:make-repository is used to generate a new Repository class.
  • Repository Name: PostRepository is the name of the new Repository class that will be created.
  • Package Path: Webkul/Blog specifies the package within the packages directory where the new Repository class will be created.

# Manually Setting Up Repository Files

Manually setting up repository files involves creating and organizing repository classes in your application without relying on automated generators. This approach allows for custom structuring and naming conventions tailored to your project's needs. By manually managing repository files, developers can ensure precise control over code organization and maintain consistency across the application architecture.

# Setting Up PostRepository in Webkul/Blog Package

Start by creating a Repository folder within the Webkul/Blog/src/ directory. This folder will house the repository class responsible for handling post-related database operations.Create a file named PostRepository.php.

└── packages
    └── Webkul
        └── Blog
            └── src
                ├── ...
                └── Repository
                    └── PostRepository.php

This file will contain the PostRepository class, which will encapsulate methods for interacting with post data. Copy the following code into your newly created repository file.

<?php

namespace Webkul\Blog\Repository;

use Webkul\Core\Eloquent\Repository;

class PostRepository extends Repository
{
    /**
    * Specify the Model class name
    *
    * @return string
    */
    function model(): string
    {
        return 'Webkul\Blog\Contracts\Post';
    }
}

The model() method within PostRepository.php returns the path of your contract class (PostContract in this example). This method initializes the model instance used throughout the repository for database interactions.

Your PostRepository is now set up and ready for use within your application. It encapsulates the logic for interacting with post data, following best practices for separation of concerns and promoting clean architecture.

By utilizing the PostRepository, you can efficiently perform database operations related to posts while maintaining a structured and maintainable codebase.

# Available Methods

We are using the Prettus Repository package. You can find all available methods in the Prettus repository here (opens new window). Here are some examples:

Examples:

Sl. no. Method Description
1 all Find all results in the Repository
2 find Find a result by ID
3 findOrFail Retrieve a single record by its ID or throw an exception if not found.
4 create Create a new record.
5 update Update an existing record by its ID.
6 delete Delete a record by its ID.
7 paginate Find all results in the Repository with pagination
8 where Retrieve records matching specific conditions.
9 first Retrieve the first record matching specific conditions.
10 With(['table_name']) Load the model relationships Eager load relationships
11 findWhereIn Find results by multiple values in one field

# All

Retrieve all records.

$posts = $this->postRepository->all();

# Find

Retrieve a single record by its ID.

$post = $this->postRepository->find($id);

# FindOrFail

Retrieve a single record by its ID or throw an exception if not found.

$post = $this->postRepository->FindOrFail($id);

# Create

Create a new record.

$post = $this->postRepository->create( Input::all() );

# Update

Update an existing record by its ID.

$post = $this->postRepository->update( Input::all(), $id );

# Delete

Delete a record by its ID.

$this->postRepository->delete($id)

# Paginate

Retrieve paginated records.

$posts = $this->postRepository->paginate($limit = null, $columns = ['*']);

# Where

Retrieve records matching specific conditions.

$this->postRepository->deleteWhere([
    //Default Condition =
    'email' => 'admin@example.com',
])

# First

Retrieve the first record matching specific conditions.

$this->postRepository->findWhere([
    //Default Condition =
    'email' => 'admin@example.com',
])->first()

# With

Eager load relationships.

$post = $this->postRepository->with(['state'])->find($id);

# FindWhereIn

Retrieve records where a specified column's value is within a given array of values.

$posts = $this->postRepository->findWhereIn('id', [1,2,3,4,5]);

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